United Kingdom - August 14, 2024

A remarkable environmental discovery, a historic map dating back to 1871, shed light on efforts to restore shellfish reefs in the waters off England's south coast. The map, uncovered by artist Hannah Wisdom in Devon, describes extensive shell beds spanning from Torquay to Lyme Regis, areas now being rejuvenated by the UK’s first large-scale offshore mussel farm.

Located in Lyme Bay off South Devon, the mussel farm, established in 2013, has been pivotal in reintroducing mussels to the seabed beneath its ropes. Over the past decade, this initiative has transformed previously muddy sediment into thriving reefs, fostering biodiversity that supports various fish and crustacean species.

The revelation from the historic map suggests that these shell beds, once abundant but lost due to historical fishing practices, are now being restored rather than newly created habitats. Following the ban on destructive fishing methods in the Lyme Bay Marine Protected Area (MPA), where the farm operates, the restoration efforts have gained momentum.

Dr. Emma Sheehan, from the University of Plymouth, emphasized the farm’s dual role in marine conservation and historical preservation: “Discovering evidence of past shellfish habitats dating back 150 years underscores the farm’s impact not just on current seabed health but also in reclaiming its ecological heritage.”

Published in Science of the Total Environment, the study highlights how the recreated shellfish reefs are supporting economically significant species like European lobsters and brown crabs. Acoustic tagging revealed lobsters utilizing the farm for extended periods, benefiting from the protective environment before dispersing to enhance local fisheries.

John Holmyard, Managing Director of Offshore Shellfish Ltd, managing the mussel farm, expressed optimism about the project’s broader implications: “Our farm demonstrates that degraded seabed areas can be transformed into biodiverse habitats akin to protected rocky reefs, offering sanctuary and sustenance to marine life crucial for sustainable fisheries.”

The ongoing success of the Lyme Bay mussel farm underscores a proactive approach to marine conservation, blending modern aquaculture with historical restoration for the benefit of coastal ecosystems and communities.