SAN DIEGO — In a remarkable encounter at the San Diego Bay National Wildlife Refuge, a California ground squirrel was caught on video fiercely confronting a southern Pacific rattlesnake — moments after the snake had likely eaten another squirrel.

The eight-minute standoff, recorded by refuge manager Sally Brown of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shows the squirrel tossing wood chips, jumping around, and flicking its tail to ward off the reptile. Despite the snake being full and in a “food coma,” it rattled and struck in response but did not pursue.

Experts say this bold behavior is part of the squirrel’s evolutionary defense strategy. Ground squirrels are known to protect their burrows and young by kicking sand, heating their tails to confuse a snake’s infrared sensors, and throwing debris. The scene offers a striking example of how prey animals defend their territory — even when the immediate threat appears neutralized.

Source: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service