Ithaca, NY, USA - May 13, 2024

A groundbreaking discovery has shaken the scientific world, revealing that the world's largest hummingbird is not a singular species but rather two distinct entities. The revelation, deemed a "surprise discovery hiding in plain sight," has sparked intrigue among researchers and bird enthusiasts alike.

A team of international researchers, led by Jessie Williamson, a National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, uncovered this remarkable finding.

Contrary to previous assumptions, the Giant Hummingbird is not uniform across its range. Instead, it comprises two distinct populations with contrasting behaviors and genetic profiles. While one population resides in the high Andes year-round, the other embarks on a remarkable migratory journey, spanning thousands of miles from sea level to altitudes of up to 14,000 feet.

The differences between the two species, despite their outward resemblance, are profound. Chris Witt, senior author of the study from the University of New Mexico, likened their divergence to the distinction between chimpanzees and bonobos, emphasizing the magnitude of their evolutionary separation.

The researchers delved into the migratory patterns of these hummingbirds, tracking their astonishing journeys with geolocators and satellite transmitters. What they uncovered was nothing short of remarkable: hummingbirds traversing distances of up to 5,200 miles, a migration route longer than the distance from New York City to Istanbul, Turkey.

The shift in migratory behavior, the researchers suggest, played a pivotal role in driving speciation within the Giant Hummingbird lineage.

In light of their findings, the researchers propose distinct common names for the two species: the Northern Giant Hummingbird and the Southern Giant Hummingbird. These proposed names reflect the geographic distribution and migratory behavior of each population.

Embracing the rich cultural heritage of the region, the researchers draw inspiration from the Quechua language, proposing the scientific name "Patagona chaski" for the resident northern population. "Chaski," meaning "messenger" in Quechua, pays homage to the indigenous communities whose support and local knowledge were instrumental in the study.

However, capturing these elusive creatures proved to be no small feat. Co-author Emil Bautista reflects on the challenges faced during fieldwork, highlighting the keen observational skills of the Giant Hummingbirds and the strategic approach required to study them effectively.

Despite their formidable nature, Giant Hummingbird populations remain stable, offering hope for the continued survival of these magnificent creatures.