A ganglion is a benign, cystic lesion related to the synovial lining of tendon sheath.
The exact cause of ganglion is not known.
However, it is believed to occur due to degeneration of mucoid connective tissue, especially collagen.
Ganglions can be found anywhere in the body, but they are more common in hands and feet.
They can be completely asymptomatic.
Sometimes they can cause pain, especially with joint movements.
Compression on the adjacent nerves can lead to paresthesia.
In addition, mucoid cysts are frequently associated with osteo-arthritis and can cause nail malformation.
On examination, they are hemispherical in shape.
They can be tender on palpation.
There are no changes in the overlying skin, and it is not attached to the skin.
Ganglions have a smooth surface, and regular margins.
Since it is a cystic lesion, there is fluctuation.
It has a soft to firm consistency.
Its horizontal movements are reduced when the associated tendon is stretched.
And it is brilliantly trans illuminant.

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