The China Coast Guard (CCG) fired a water cannon at a Philippine ship conducting research in a disputed part of the South China Sea.

Drone video shows the Chinese vessel directing a powerful jet of water at the BRP Datu Sanday near the contested Sandy Cay reef on May 22.

The CCG also sideswiped the government vessel twice.

The BRP Datu Sanday, operated by the Philippine Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR), was collecting sand samples as part of a marine scientific research initiative during the encounter.

The bureau said in a statement: 'At approximately 0913H, CCG vessel 21559 water cannoned and sideswiped the BRP Datu Sanday (MMOV 3002) twice, resulting in some damage to the latter's port bow and smokestack, and putting at risk lives of its civilian personnel onboard.

'This incident marks the first time water cannons have been used against DA-BFAR research vessels in the area of the Pag-Asa Cays.'

Despite China's 'aggressive, dangerous, and illegal' actions, BFAR said the Philippine team was able to complete the research expedition.

Expansionist China currently lays claim over almost the entire South China Sea, one of the world's busiest sea lanes. But a United Nations-backed tribunal in 2016 deemed its claims groundless.

The Communist rogue state - accused of genocide for its crimes against the Uyghur population - has been steadily increasing its influence in recent years through investment in developing countries.