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水族葬礼砍牛祭亡者

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贵州三都水族自治县,砍牛送葬现场。砍牛送葬,是水族隆重祭悼中的一项,水族办丧事,出殡队伍一离开孝家时就举行敲马杀牛仪式。
水族的丧葬过程比较复杂繁纷,对正常死亡者,要经过报丧、入殓、择吉、祭悼、出殡、安葬、除服几个丧葬程序,历时三年以上。 砍牛在水族称为砍利属祭悼的一项。砍牛敲马仪式是在出殡的当天早上,丧家要杀马或砍牛,或杀猪,一般男性杀马砍牛,以马为最贵,女性杀猪,亦有砍牛的,有的富贵人家即杀马又砍牛或杀猪,甚至有连砍数头牛的。死男者敲马的意思是让亡人在阴间里能够有马骑,去做生意。死女者杀牛意思是,让她在阴间里有牛耕地。仪式结束后,牛、马、猪肉丧家及房族不能食用,将一后腿连尾巴送给死者的舅舅,一腿给水书先生作为酬谢,另取一部分作回礼,其余大部分来招待客人。

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